Europe bets on lead-cooled nuclear reactors to decarbonize sea vessels

A Swiss technology company, ABB, and Swedish nuclear firm Blykalla have expanded their partnership to accelerate the deployment of small modular lead-cooled nuclear reactors (SMRs) for large maritime vessels, aiming to decarbonize the shipping industry responsible for about 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Their collaboration focuses on integrating Blykalla’s Generation IV Swedish Advanced Lead Reactor (SEALER)—a 55 MWe passively safe, lead-cooled SMR originally designed for remote Arctic applications—into commercial deep-sea ships. The SEALER reactor’s design emphasizes inherent safety, high thermal efficiency, and minimal operator oversight, making it well-suited for maritime propulsion. ABB will leverage its expertise in system integration, automation, and power distribution to adapt the SMR technology for shipboard use, ensuring seamless integration with onboard power grids, control systems, and propulsion architectures. The partnership includes plans for feasibility studies, regulatory engagement, and classification society collaboration to prepare for deployment. This initiative aligns