Google’s data center energy use doubled in four years

Google’s data center electricity consumption has more than doubled from 14.4 million megawatt-hours in 2020 to 30.8 million megawatt-hours in 2024, reflecting rapid growth over the past decade with a seven-fold increase since 2014. Data centers now account for 95.8% of Google’s total electricity use, underscoring the challenge of meeting the company’s commitment to power all operations with carbon-free energy. Despite significant efficiency improvements, with Google's power usage effectiveness (PUE) nearing the theoretical ideal of 1.0, further gains have slowed, necessitating increased electricity supply. To meet its carbon-free goals amid soaring demand, Google is investing heavily in diverse energy sources including geothermal, nuclear (both fusion and fission), and renewables. Geothermal energy offers consistent power generation, while Google has committed to purchasing electricity from future nuclear fusion and small modular reactor projects, though these will not come online for several years. In the near term