History of GPU: 1979 arcade chips that boosted gaming, crypto, and AI

The history of GPUs traces back to 1979 arcade machines like Namco’s Galaxian, which featured dedicated graphics hardware capable of independently handling multicolored sprites and tile-map backgrounds without CPU intervention. This innovation proved commercially successful and established specialized graphics chips as essential for immersive interactive experiences. The evolution continued through home consoles such as Atari’s 2600 and Nintendo’s systems, which balanced hardware limitations with clever design, while high-end applications like military flight simulators demonstrated the high cost of advanced visuals before purpose-built GPUs became widespread. The consumer 3D graphics revolution was catalyzed in 1996 by 3dfx’s Voodoo 1 card, which significantly boosted PC gaming performance by offloading 3D rendering from the CPU. This sparked rapid competition, with ATI and NVIDIA advancing the technology. NVIDIA’s 1999 GeForce 256 marked a pivotal moment by integrating transform, lighting, rasterization, and pixel shading into a single chip, coining the term “