New copper-based alloy could power space, hydrogen tech in extreme cold

A team of Japanese researchers from institutions including Tohoku University, JAXA, and Kyoto University has developed a novel copper-based shape memory alloy (Cu-Al-Mn) that retains its shape memory effect at extremely low temperatures down to -200°C (-328°F). This breakthrough addresses a significant limitation of existing shape memory alloys (SMAs), such as nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti), which lose functionality below -20°C. The new alloy is the first actuator material capable of delivering large mechanical work output in cryogenic conditions, making it suitable for applications in harsh environments like deep space and super-chilled hydrogen systems. To demonstrate its practical potential, the researchers created a mechanical heat switch using the Cu-Al-Mn alloy as an actuator, which operated flawlessly at -170°C by regulating heat flow through contact switching. This innovation paves the way for high-performance actuators in cryogenic environments, with promising uses in space telescope cooling systems and carbon-neutral hydrogen transport and storage technologies. The article