Scientists 3D-print thermal insulation fibres from wheat straw

Researchers led by Dr. Chi Zhou at the University at Buffalo have developed a sustainable thermal insulation material by 3D-printing fibers derived from wheat straw, an agricultural byproduct typically burned after harvest. Wheat straw’s natural fibrous and porous structure provides effective thermal insulation, high mechanical strength, and enhanced flame retardancy compared to other organic materials. The process involves pulping wheat straw into a slurry, drying it into a thick ink, and cross-linking the fibers with an organic binder to ensure material integrity before 3D printing. This innovation offers a renewable, biodegradable alternative to conventional insulation materials like glass and rock wool, which rely heavily on fossil fuels and contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. To address the slow printing speed of early methods, Zhou’s team redesigned the 3D printer with a slot-die nozzle and multiple nozzles for faster, more uniform material deposition, making the process scalable for industrial production. Using wheat straw not only reduces environmental impact by lowering emissions and decreasing agricultural waste but