Significant Savings from 120-Volt Heat Pump Water Heaters - CleanTechnica

The article from CleanTechnica highlights significant cost savings and practical benefits from the adoption of 120-volt plug-in heat pump water heaters (HPWHs) in California. Traditionally, heat pump water heaters required 240-volt hardwiring, which often necessitated costly electrical panel upgrades and new wiring, especially when replacing gas water heaters that lacked existing electrical connections. In 2023, manufacturers Rheem and A.O. Smith introduced 120-volt plug-in HPWHs that can operate efficiently by plugging into standard outlets, avoiding the need for electrical resistance backup heating common in 240-volt models. Data from the TECH Clean California program shows that these 120-volt HPWHs cost about 22% less to install—approximately $1,700 on average—and only 2% required electrical service upgrades, compared to over 25% for 240-volt units. This development is significant because it reduces installation complexity and cost, making heat pump water heaters more accessible to homeowners