Supercomputer drives 500x brighter X-rays to boost battery research

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have combined the upgraded Advanced Photon Source (APS) with the Aurora exascale supercomputer to significantly accelerate battery research. The APS upgrade boosts X-ray beam brightness by up to 500 times, enabling unprecedented real-time, high-resolution imaging of battery materials during charge and discharge cycles. This allows scientists to observe atomic-level changes, structural defects, and electronic states of key cathode elements such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese, providing deeper insights into battery performance and degradation. Aurora complements APS by handling massive data processing and AI-driven analysis, with over 60,000 GPUs capable of performing more than one quintillion calculations per second. A high-speed terabit-per-second connection between APS and Aurora facilitates real-time data transfer and experiment feedback, enabling rapid adjustments and optimization. Argonne envisions an autonomous research loop where AI models like AuroraGPT analyze data instantly, predict outcomes, and recommend new materials to test, potentially reducing battery development timelines from years to weeks or days.